After a period of continuous decline in metal prices since a surge earlier in the decade, Mexico is again at the forefront of the world’s mining industry. Mining, one of the few economic activities in which Mexico has excelled since pre-Hispanic times, is part of the country’s five main industries and accounts for 3 percent of GDP. Meeting new regulations and proving that exploration and extraction in the country continues to be profitable compared to other Latin American countries are the main challenges the sector will face in the coming years.